Prefab and Off-Site Construction Robots
Robotic factories and cells that build wall panels, modules and components before they reach the site.
15 robots · 30 companies · from the Future of Built file
By trade
- Prefab · 8
- Coating · 1
- Demolition · 1
- Finishing · 1
- Inspection · 1
- Logistics · 1
- 3D Printing · 1
- Rebar · 1
Robots
WASP
Shimizu
Terminailer
Randek
Weinmann
CSCEC Third Bureau
Gropyus
Roborn
Companies
- Randek · Falkenberg, Sweden · founded 1940
ZeroLabor robotic lines for wall panels, floor cassettes, and roof trusses. Prefab automation with eight decades of timber DNA.
- Automated Architecture · London, United Kingdom · founded 2015
Robotic micro-factories that manufacture modular timber housing close to the site - distributed making, not a distant plant.
- WASP · Massa Lombarda, Italy · founded 2012
Crane WASP prints houses from earth, clay, and agricultural waste. The TECLA habitats are the postcard. The printer is the point.
- ABB · Zurich, Switzerland · founded 1988
Industrial arms that have quietly become construction printers, prefab welders, and bricklayers. The muscle behind a lot of other logos.
- Inrotech · Odense, Denmark · founded 2000
Adaptive welding robots for heavy steel - ships, modules, and the prefab that construction borrows from yards.
- Shimizu · Tokyo, Japan · founded 1804
Smart Site: a Japanese general contractor that builds its own robots - ceiling install, welding, material transport - and runs them on its own jobs.
- Terminailer · Greenfield, United States · founded 2014
Wall-panel subcomponent assembler from Construction Industry Innovations. One operator, six coil guns, no software stack - filmed here because it is a steel collar.
- Sawtooth Robotics · Nampa, United States · founded 2018
Custom automation for the component plant. Their PrePlater puts nail plates on truss members and walks them to the jig - running at The Truss Company in Centralia.
- Weinmann · St. Johann, Germany · founded 1980
HOMAG’s timber-frame lines. Wall, floor, and roof cassettes with robotic nailing, routing, and handling - the German plant most panel yards already know.
- Hundegger · Hawangen, Germany · founded 1970
CNC timber machines that cut, drill, and mill the member before it hits the jig. The German plant most truss yards already envy.
- Gropyus · Vienna, Austria · founded 2020
Robotic housing factories. Vienna-designed, German-built panels that assemble on site.
- Intelligent City · Vancouver, Canada · founded 2008
Mass-timber robotic production for mid-rise housing. Vancouver, CLT, the factory that still looks like a building.
- MiTek · Chesterfield, United States · founded 1955
Cyber and Alpine component equipment. The plates, saws, and software most US truss plants already run.
- Diamond Age · Phoenix, United States · founded 2018
Robotic home construction. Phoenix, printed and assembled housing aimed at the shortage, not a pavilion.
- Progress Group · Brixen, Italy · founded 1961
Precast automation - carousel plants, mesh welders, the Italian line that pours the panel.
- Elematic · Akaa, Finland · founded 1959
Precast production lines. Hollow-core, walls, the Finnish plant most concrete yards already know.
- CSCEC Third Bureau · Wuhan, China · founded 1952
China Construction’s climbing residential ‘building machine’ - a 200-ton factory that sits on the tower and rises with the floor. Wuhan, Urumqi, the jobs that used to mean a swing stage in the wind.
- LimX Dynamics · Shenzhen, China · founded 2022
Nanshan humanoids on live decks. TRON 2 is the modular dual-arm platform ZINOVA put on formwork and rebar - a general-purpose torso doing trade work, not a kung-fu demo.
- Autovol · Nampa, United States · founded 2018
Volumetric housing factory in Nampa. ABB arms build walls, floors, and ceilings into apartment modules that ship west. Sixty-six robots on a 410,000 square foot floor.
- KOBOTS · Odense, Denmark · founded 2018
Mobile sheet-cutting robots for drywall and board - Classic and X lines, phone app, less dust than a plunge saw. Odense. The cut a carpenter used to bend over the sheet to make.
- Sitegeist · Munich, Germany · founded 2025
Modular AI robots for concrete renovation and selective removal on live structures - hydrodem and abrasive without a pre-built 3D model. Munich. €4M pre-seed Feb 2026.
- Charge Robotics · San Leandro, United States · founded 2021
Sunrise is a portable on-site bay factory that assembles and places utility-scale solar. San Leandro / Oakland. YC S21. MIT News coverage - crew model, not a paper robot.
- ConBotics · Berlin, Germany · founded 2020
MalerRoboter is a lightweight modular interior airless painter - rental and sale, TechnoMaler service. Berlin manufacturing. The coat a painter used to spray until the shoulders gave out.
- Origin · San Francisco, United States · founded 2024
OG1 is a general-purpose interior construction robot with modular tools for drywall finish and paint. Artila Robotics Inc. Accel-backed. Live multi-family and commercial floors.
- RoboForce · Milpitas, United States · founded 2023
TITAN is an AI-powered all-terrain mobile manipulator for precision industrial and construction tasks - 40 kg payload, modular end-effectors. Milpitas. Seed 2025.
- Roborn · Hong Kong, Hong Kong · founded 2017
Robot Tank is a modular jobsite AMR for cone deploy, patrol, and arm payloads on civil and building sites. Hong Kong Science Park. Traffic and site-logistics automation.
- MESH · Zurich, Switzerland · founded 2022
ETH Zurich spin-off for robotic rebar - ACTUATE machine tending, NODE tying/welding cells, ASSEMBLE cage lines. Birr production hall. The ironworker pile that used to wait on a shop floor.
- All3 · Zug, Switzerland · founded 2024
Mantis is a heavy-duty four-legged construction robot for install, fasten, finish, and inspect - paired with All3's timber micro-factory stack. Zug HQ, Berlin/London R&D. Early fleet pilots.
- Krosaki · Kitakyushu, Japan · founded 1918
REX-ROBO automates refractory maintenance on ladle slide gates and related hot-steel work cells - Kitakyushu (K-GenesisX). Heat-shrouded industrial arms that take crews out of the hottest refractory exchange jobs.
- HEBI Robotics · Pittsburgh, United States · founded 2014
Tready is a rugged tracked mobile robot for stairs, uneven ground, and confined inspection - Pittsburgh. Modular actuators under a deck that walks where wheeled carts stop.
Frequently asked questions
- What is off-site construction?
- Building components or whole modules in a factory and shipping them to the site for assembly.
- Which companies are on the prefab and off-site construction robots list?
- Future of Built lists 30 companies here, including Randek, Automated Architecture, WASP, ABB, Inrotech, Shimizu, Terminailer and Sawtooth Robotics.
- Where are these companies headquartered?
- By headquarters: United States (9), Germany (4), Switzerland (3), China (2), Denmark (2).
- How many of these robots are deployed?
- Of the 15 robots on this page, 9 deployed, 4 pilot, 2 production, per the Future of Built file.